Clematis is a genus of over 250 species, most of which are woody to semi-woody deciduous vines climbing by twining leaf stalks or in some cases trailing over support, but in a few cases grow as freestanding or sprawling herbaceous perennials and small deciduous or evergreen shrubs. Most have flat, cupped or bell-shaped flowers. Some plants feature ornamental fluffy seed heads in autumn. Plants bear opposite, simple to compound leaves which are usually deciduous but sometimes evergreen.
Cultivated plants are often divided into three groups based on pruning needs.
Group A (or 1) – Flowers only on old wood (previous year). Prune after spring flowering.
Group B (or 2) – Flowers on both old and new wood. Typically, little pruning should be done for woody-stemmed members of this Group. If cut to the ground or pruned in fall or spring, flowering will be reduced or delayed but not prevented.
Group C (or 3) – Flowers only on new wood. Can be cut to the ground in fall or spring.
Genus name comes from the Greek word klematis which is an old name applied to climbing plants.
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